Notes on Metals

Melting Point and Density of Metals

1 kg/liter = 1 g/cc = 0.036129 lbs/ci

Composition of Alloys

All percentages are by weight

Aluminium Bronze

Copper-aluminium alloys, sometimes containing a small amount of manganese or nickel. They are yellow in colour and hard wearing.

Argentan

see Nickel Silver

Babbitt, Coppered

74.5% Lead, 14.75% Antimony, 10% Tin, 0.25% Copper and 0.5% Arsenic

Babbitt, Lead

80.25% Lead, 14.75% Antimony and 5% Tin

Babbitt Metal, Grade 1

95% Tin, 4.5% Copper, and 4.5% Antimony

Babbitt Metal, Grade 5

65% Tin, 18% Lead, 2% Copper, and 15% Antimony

Babbitt, Tin

89% Tin, 7.5% Antimony, 3.5% Copper

Bath Metal

see Bronze

Bell Metal

78-80% Copper, 20-22% Tin

Billon

>50% Copper, 50% Silver

Brass, Gilding

95% Copper, 5% Zinc

Brass, Tin

94-96% Copper, 2.5-5.2% Zinc, 0.5% Iron, 0.5% Lead, 0.7-1.3% Tin

Brass, Red

85% Copper, 15% Zinc

Brass, Low

80% Copper, 20% Zinc

Brass, Yellow

65% Copper, 35% Zinc

Brass, Cartridge

68.5% Copper, 30% Zinc, 1.5% other

Brass, Naval

60% Copper, 39.2% Zinc, 0.8% Tin

Bronze, Commercial

90% Copper, 10% Zinc

Bronze

85% Copper, 5% Zinc, 5% Tin, 5% Lead

Bronze, Aluminum

87.3-91.3% Copper, 6-8% Aluminum, 1.5-3.5% Iron, 1% Manganese, 0.015% Phosphorus, 0.01% Lead, 0.2% Zinc

Bronze, Aluminum-Silicon

92.9-94.4% Copper, 2.5-3.1% Aluminum, 0.25-0.55% Cobalt, 0.2% Iron, 0.1% Manganese, 0.2% Nickel, 0.05% Lead, 1.5-2.1% Silicon, 0.8% Zinc

Bronze, Phosphor

90-98.75% Copper, 1.25-10% Tin

Bronze, Manganese

58.5% Copper, 1.4% Iron, 0.1% Manganese 1% Tin, 39% Zinc

Crown Gold

Gold and Copper or Silver

Copper, Admiralty

71% Copper, 28% Zinc, 1% Tin

Cupro-nickel

75-85% Copper and 15-25% Nickel

Düralumin

96% Al, 3.5% Cu, 0.5% Mg (Dr. Alfred Wilm, 1909 - the Zeppelins were made of Düralumin)

Electrum

natural alloy of +/- 75% Gold and Silver or Copper

Field's Metal

32.5% Bismuth, 51% Indium, 16.5% Tin. Non-toxic, melts at 140°F.

Franklinium

a Cupro-Nickel developed by The Franklin Mint

German Silver

see Nickel Silver

Grey Iron

Soft cast iron, created by cooling slowly.

Gun Metal

88% Copper, 10% Tin and 2% Zinc

Hammer Metal

95-96% Lead, 4-5% Antimony

Manganese Bronze

88.5% Copper, 6% Zinc, 3.5% Manganese, and 2% Nickel

Muntz Metal

60% Copper, 40% Zinc

Nickel Brass

70-80% Copper, 20-25% Zinc, and 1-5% Nickel

Nickel Silver

A Copper alloy containing 18-22% Nickel, 15-20% Zinc and sometimes Manganese

Nordic Gold

89% Copper, 5% Aluminum, 5% Zinc and 1% Tin.

Orichalchum

80% Copper and 20% Zinc, used in Roman Brass coins

Pewter

85% Tin, 15% Lead, and sometimes Antimony and Copper

Pinchbeck

see Brass

Potin

natural alloy of Copper, Zinc, Lead and Tin

Silver, Sterling

92.5% Silver, 7.5% Copper

Solder

Tin and Lead

Solder, Silver

(look this up)

Speculum

high Tin content Bronze, see Bronze

Stainless Steel

Iron, Chromium and Nickel

Steel

low carbon Iron

Tombac

see Brass

Virenium

a German Silver type of alloy containing Nickel as well as Copper and Zinc

White Iron

Hard cast iron, created by cooling quickly.

White Metal

alloys usually containing antimony alloyed with Tin, Copper or Lead

Wheel Weights

see Hammer Metal (add 20% dirt)

Wood's Metal

50% Bismuth, 25% Lead, 12.5% Tin, and 12.5% Cadmium. Melts at 158°F.

ZA-12

11% Aluminum, 1% Copper, 0.025% Magnesium, and 88% Zinc. 0.218 lb/in³, melts at 711-810°F (see also)

ZA-27

27% Aluminum, 2.2% Copper, 0.015% Magnesium, and 71% Zinc. 0.181 lb/in³, melts at 709-903°F (see also) (secret recipie: $1.99 in post-1982 pennies, 1¢ pre-1982 penny, 13 beer cans)

Zamac

• E-mail me at bill@gizmology.net if you find a mistake!
• Key to Metals - lots and lots of information

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© 2003 W. E. Johns